核推进的空间应用浅析

首先通过比较太阳系各天体探测所需速度增量与各种推力器能达到的喷射速度,阐明核推进对于太阳系探测的重要性;随后,在简要介绍几个典型的基于核推进的空间任务设计方案后,通过参数化宇航动力学分析,阐明在当前或近期可达到的技术水平下,基于各种核推力器的航天器所能实现的任务能力,并比较分析各自的优劣,指明改进方向.分析表明,化学推进的适用范围极其有限,要真正实现太阳系内广阔区域的大规模探索开发,必须依靠核推进;基于固堆核热推进的当前技术指标已经能够满足相当一部分雄心勃勃的航天任务需要,在不远的将来实现广泛应用是可以预期的;核电推进尽管在技术上已经可以实现,但要能够在近期的航天愿景任务中获得超越固堆核热推进的优势,尚须在技术上实现进一步突破,尤其需要大幅降低核电源质量.     

一种用于GPS时差比对数据处理的卡尔曼滤波器设计

介绍了一种用于GPS时差比对数据处理的自适应卡尔曼滤波器,在Matlab环境下编写了离散时间形式的卡尔曼滤波算法程序,利用该算法对GPS信号与铯原子频标的时差比对数据进行了分析处理,最后介绍了该算法的数字芯片FPGA实现。     

北斗三号卫星共视时间比对性能分析

为评估现阶段北斗三号卫星共视时间比对性能，基于中科院国家授时中心(NTSC)和捷克光电研究院(TP)各自保持的国家时间基准系统，开展了基线长度约7500 km的北斗三号卫星亚欧共视时间比对试验。首先从单站北斗卫星可视数及其卫星高度角两方面进行了分析，然后利用频率响应法确定Vondrak滤波平滑因子后对共视比对数据进行了降噪处理，最后将北斗三号卫星共视时间比对结果与北斗二号卫星及GPS共视时间比对结果进行了比较。结果表明：在当前北斗全球组网阶段，北斗三号卫星在中捷共视可视卫星数比北斗二号卫星少的情况下，其共视时间比对精度达到1.16 ns，较北斗二号提升约19%，10000 s以内的时间和频率稳定度也优于北斗二号。     

当前高校青年教师思想政治教育面临的问题及对策探析

受当前全球化浪潮的强势冲击和市场经济的负面影响,高校青年教师的思想政治教育面临一系列挑战,直接影响了高校思想政治教育的效果。要摆脱困境,必须坚持以人为本的教育理念,重视师德建设、创新教育方法、健全激励机制,切实增强思想政治教育的吸引力、说服力、影响力和感染力。     

毫米波国家功率基准及其国际关键比对

文章介绍了一种基于热敏电阻功率座的对称双线结构的矩形波导微量热计的设计和传递标准有效效率计算方法。给出了功率基准热电堆测量曲线及该频段毫米波功率传递标准量值结果。这种新的微量热计将作为我国毫米波功率基准,它将我国的毫米波功率测量能力提高到了75GHz。国际比对是国际多边证书互认的基础,是我国产品进入国际市场准入的质量认证基础,国际关键比对是比对活动中的核心活动。文章介绍了我国参加毫米波WR-22（33GHz-50GHz）国际关键比对情况。     

基于广义相对论的轨道摄动下星间激光相位比对

针对纳米到皮米量级星间激光测距,在地心非旋转坐标系(GCRS)下,考虑卫星轨道摄动引起的广义相对论效应,建立了星间单向以及双向星间激光相位比对模型.通过仿真研究了地球主引力场范围内轨道摄动引起的广义相对论效应对星间激光相位比对误差的影响,并通过星间激光相位比对误差计算星间激光测距误差.不同轨道高度的卫星仿真结果表明,对...     

Comparison of observed TEC values with IRI-2007 TEC and IRI-2007 TEC with optional foF2 measurements predictions at an equatorial region,Chumphon, Thailand

In this research, as part of working towards improving the IRI over equatorial region, the total electron content (TEC) derived from GPS measurements and IRI-2007 TEC predictions at Chumphon station (10.72°N, 99.37°E), Thailand, during 2004–2006 is analyzed. The seasonal variation of the IRI-2007 TEC predictions is compared with the TEC from the IRI-2007 TEC model with the option of the actual F2 plasma frequency (foF2) measurements as well as the TEC from the GPS and International GNSS service (IGS). The Chumphon station is located at the equatorial region and the low latitude of 3.22°N. For a declining phase of the solar cycle (2004–2006), the study shows that the IRI-2007 TEC underestimates the IRI-2007 TEC with the foF2 observation at the nighttime by about 5 TECU. The maximum differences are about 15 TECU during daytime and 5 TECU during nighttime. The overestimation is more evident at daytime than at nighttime. When compared in terms of the root-mean square error (RMSE), we find that the highest RMSE between GPS TEC and IRI 2007 TEC is 14.840 TECU at 1230 LT in 2004 and the lowest average between them is 1.318 TECU at 0630 LT in 2006. The noon bite-out phenomena are clearly seen in the IRI-2007 TEC with and without optional foF2 measurements, but not on the GPS TEC and IGS TEC. The IRI TEC with optional foF2 measurements gives the lowest RMSE values between IRI TEC predicted and TEC measurement. However, the TEC measurements (GPS TEC and IGS TEC) are more correct to use at Chumphon station.     

基于正交试验设计的空心叶片结构优化设计

提出了描述空心风扇叶片几何特征的结构设计参数,并由此建立了空心叶片有限元分析模型,同时为适应优化设计的迭代过程,发展了一种能够自动更新空心叶片结构高质量有限元网格的方法.在对简化的设计变量进行合理假设和离散的基础上,将基于强度约束和质量最小化为目标的优化设计问题转化为寻求无约束多目标优化问题,并通过多轮数值正交试验设计...     

高校现行的收费政策与贫困生的出路

文章分析了现在高校收费的由来、现在高校收费的调查情况、学费与人均收入之比较、与世界各国的横向比较、高校收费与教育成本的比较及解决办法。     

Shimmy analysis of a simple aircraft nose landing gear model using different mathematical methods

Shimmy oscillations are still a problem in design and operation of aircraft landing gears, and accurate and appropriate analysis is required to master the task. Based on a nonlinear model of the mechanics of the landing gear and tire elasticity according to elastic string theory, some well known linear and nonlinear mathematical methods are applied to the shimmy analysis of a simple model of a nose gear: Computing eigenvalues, solving analytically the stability boundaries with a parameter space method, getting limit cycles by analytical formulae from describing functions, and last but not least numerical simulation of time histories. It seems that linear or quasi linear methods and analytical solutions are well suited to obtain extensive insight, respecting limitations of these methods. Numerical simulation on the other hand is a valuable tool for pointing out specific effects of a nonlinear system in large amplitude regions.